Fire-weak Piloti structure Is this gonna be okay?[One Room Fire/Piloti Fire/Plastic Ceiling SMC/ Metal Ceiling DMC/ Fire Prevention/Fire Accident/ Elementary School Fire]
Hello!👋
It's Zenfix, 'Creative New Value for the Ceiling'.
Did you know that there are more fires in the Piloti structures these days?
Piloti Structural Building with Zenfix DMC
As shown in the picture, the first floor is usually used as a parking lot without a wall, and a building consisting of floors that can be resided and used from the second floor is called a Piloti structure.
With the 2002 "mandatory installation of parking lots on the first floor of multi-family, multi-family housing," the number of Piloti-structured buildings is increasing.
Piloti structures are preferred because they have the advantages of increasing the utilization of public areas such as parking lots and securing the right to sunlight.
But did you know that the Piloti structure, which is often seen in elementary schools, studio apartments, commercial facilities, is really dangerous and vulnerable to fire?
The fire in the Piloti structure is very small in the proportion of building fires, but as it is classified as a large fire that causes many casualties, it can be considered dangerous.
(Based on large-scale fires: casualties = property damage of at least five deaths and 10 casualties = estimated at 5 billion won or more.)
Today, we're going to find out what happens if there's a fire in the Piloti structure, why it's dangerous.
Have you heard of Outer Flashover?
It's a phenomenon where the gas accumulated by fire and the air from the outside meet in the event of a fire, and it explodes momentarily and flames soar.
Source: Korea 119 _Fire Services Administration Official Blog
When this Outer Flashover occurs, many casualties are natural and a major obstacle to the fire brigade's aggressive suppression tactics.
Originally, Flashover is an indoor phenomenon that is divided into sections and cannot occur outdoors.
However, the Piloti building has a hole due to the burning of the ceiling finish, and the space between the ceiling and ceiling finish on the first floor is filled with toxic gas and air and explodes.
Due to the piloti structure, the space on the first floor is made up of columns, not walls, and since it is used as an open space, it has the space structure and materials that can cause such Outer Flashover.
Source: Korea 119 _Fire Services Administration Official Blog
Outer Flashover is caused by the cause of fire, the ceiling finishing material that generates combustible gas, the space between the ceiling, and the construction defect.
The cause of the fire is a basic factor and cannot be removed.
Ceiling finishing materials can be prevented or delayed if not constructed.
Currently, the cost side is mainly combustible plastic ceiling material, or SMC, but if you replace it with metal ceiling material, you can prevent rapid combustion.
Therefore, metal ceiling material. DMC must be used to delay and prevent rapid combustion in the fire of the piloti structure.
Why is it DMC, not SMC, which has been used a lot so far?
Flammable substances in fire-prone Piloti structures do not prevent or delay the phenomenon and cause a large amount of toxic gases, so damage from toxic gases cannot be avoided.
The fire on the first floor is said to be almost impossible to preemptively respond to the type of fire that rapidly expands combustion, spreads through the outer wall, and expands rapidly.
The inability to take preemptive action means that residents in the building need to have room and visual leeway to evacuate.
Source: Korea 119 _Fire Services Administration Official Blog
According to a combustion experiment by Osan Fire Station, considering the highest temperature in a typical fire at about 1200 degrees, the ceiling material that can withstand this can prevent the spread of fire!
The melting point of the plastic ceiling material is 200 degrees, and the metal ceiling material has a melting point of 1500 degrees, so it is a metal ceiling material that can withstand fire that is 1,200 degrees without burning.
The Osan Fire Station said we should use non-flammable ceiling material in addition to the results of the experiment results.
Zenfix self-combustion experiment
In our own experiment, when we heated combustible plastic ceilings and metal ceilings with a torch, DMC metal ceilings did not burn well and did not produce toxic gases, but SMC plastic ceilings started burning in 3 seconds and produced a lot of toxic gases.
Currently, SMC ceiling materials are used in most Piloti structures, which are not non-flammable and semi-flammable finishes.
Therefore, if SMC, not DMC, is being used during a fire, it will be difficult to secure golden time because the ceiling cannot hold out before the fire brigade arrives, and as a result, it may cause casualties due to fire accidents.
That's why we need to use the first grade non-flammable ceiling material DMC.
The DMC ceiling material of Zenfix can be said to be a safe ceiling material in all aspects that have obtained both the Grade 1 non-flammable test report and KS certification.
Photographs of the Zenfix construction site
Also, there are color products that can be customized and designed in terms of design, so it is a product that can capture both safety and design.
As the fire risk of the Piloti structure continues to be mentioned, we recommend replacing it with "DMC ceiling material" with safety first.
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